生活型

herb

形態特徵

• Perennial herbs, decument to erect, up to 60 cm tall. Stems terete, 3–5 mm across, green flushed with purple, puberulent, with pilose at nodes and sticky internodal bands, becoming glabrous and woody towards the base.
• Leaves somewhat fleshy, opposite, in unequal pairs; blades ovate, ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate, (1.5–2.5–)3–4.5 cm long, (1–2–)2–3.5 cm wide, upper surface green, puberulent, glandular-dotted or not, lower surface greyish-white, usually flushed with purplish red, pubescent on veins, glandular-dotted, margins sinuate, flushed with purplish red, acute or obtuse at the apex, truncate to cuneate at the base; petiole up to 3 cm long, pale green flushed with purple, pubescent.
• Inflorescences of cymes or subumbels, axillary and in an terminal open panicle, up to 60 cm tall, the panicle 4–6 branched, the peduncles stout at base, capillary at apex, green flushed with purplish red, subglabrous, with sticky internodal bands, each branch of inflorescence subtended by 2 leafy bracts or a bract, bracts linear lanceolate, puberulent, 0.3–0.5 mm long, caducous. Flowers 2–6, clustered at the apex of peduncle, sessile; bracteoles 2, subtending a flower, narrowly lanceolate, 0.4–0.8 mm long, acuminate at apex, pale yellow flushed with purple, perberulent; perianth constricted near the middle, the limb campanulate, 1.5 mm long, 2 mm across, pink, shallowly 5-lobed, the lobes 0.8 mm wide, emarginate, with protuberance bearing hairs on the sinus, sparsely puberulent and glandular on the abaxial surface; stamens 2–3, filaments 1 mm long, white, anthers dithecal, orbicular, 0.3 mm across, white to pink; style 1 mm long, white; stigma capitate, white, 0.3 mm across.
• Anthocarps narrowly obconic, 3–4 mm long and 1.5–2 mm wide, truncate at apex, 5-ribbed, the ribs undulate, pale green flushed with purple, 0.3–0.5 mm wide, glabrous, the furrows pale, slightly to prominently coarsely transverse rugose.

物候

Flowering throughout the year.

分布

• 台灣 : in central and southern coastal counties, commonly along railroads, roadsides, and borders of fields.
• 世界 : Native to tropical America and widely introduced throughout the tropics and warm-temperate regions. In Asia it is distributed in India, Java, Malaysia, Thailand, the Philippines, China (Hainan & Kwangtung) and the Ryukyu Islands.

引證標本

TAINAN: Yonkang City, Lontang, Lin s. n. 2004 (NHU). KAOHSIUNG: Nehu Hsiang, Haipu Village, Liu s. n. 2004 (NHU).

參考文獻

• YANG, YUEN-PO and LU, SHENG-YOU, Taiwania 52(4): 332-342. 2007.